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Westernization Movement
The Westernization Movement, also called the Self-Strengthening Movement, was championed by some Qing government officials from the early 1860s to the middle 1890s. Its aim was to introduce Western technology and modern industrial equipment. This nationwide movement failed because its advocates were unwilling to disturb the status quo of the ruling class.
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洋務運動因何失敗?
中國甲午戰爭慘敗,也宣告了歷時30載的洋務運動失敗。在腐朽的封建思想桎梏下,洋務派不想觸動體制,不要作出根本性的變革,僅希望通過汲取西方的某些長技,藉以改善及加強舊建制,這是不可能成功的。
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洋務運動如何促成中國學生留學海外?
向西方學習,當然以出國留學為最直接、簡便的途徑,但中國人留學之路卻是格外艱難和曲折。鴉片戰爭後,清政府未派留學生出國,但東南沿海已有傳教士開辦新式學堂,讓一些窮苦學生就讀。
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洋務派辦過哪些新式學堂?
興辦洋務,與外國人打交道,洋務派首先感到急需翻譯人才。1862年7月,醞釀了一年多的外國語學堂正式開學,命名為「同文館」,附屬於總理各國事務衙門。第一批挑選了十名滿族學生入館學習,主要是培養翻譯人才。