
What is mechanical engineering in ancient China?
簡單機械是一切複雜而重大機械的基本要素。任何複雜的機械都是由幾種簡單機械組成。從力學意義上說,簡單機械有四種:槓桿、滑輪、斜面與螺旋。
簡單機械是一切複雜而重大機械的基本要素。任何複雜的機械都是由幾種簡單機械組成。從力學意義上說,簡單機械有四種:槓桿、滑輪、斜面與螺旋。
中國醫學之外科手術在近代由於客觀環境與自身原因而逐漸落後,但三國時代之華佗(?-208),安徽亳縣人,在前人基礎上曾創造了輝煌成就。
The history of Chinese sericulture and silk production is at least 5,000 years old. Sericulture’s origins can be traced to the Neolithic period from which some silk textiles unearthed in Henan and Zhejiang provinces can be dated.
The “south-pointing needle” is a magnetic pointing device. When combined with directional markings, it forms a compass. The invention of the compass had a decisive effect on the development of human civilization.
Astronomy is almost as old as the history of human kind. When primitive men were using simple tools to hunt and fish for food, they observed the position of the sun to decide when they would set forth and how far they should go.
Gunpowder is one of the Four Great Inventions of pre-modern China. It was made with a mixture of saltpeter, sulfur, and charcoal, which was crushed into powder. Weapon smith-technicians of the early Northern Song dynasty (960–1127) exploited its blasting effect and produced the world’s earliest firearms.
To make paper you start with plant fiber. This raw material is then treated in a series of processes that include refining, mechanical dispersion, slurrying, shaping, and dehydration. Many people think that paper appeared in the Eastern Han dynasty (25–220), but according to ancient documents and excavated artifacts, the world’s first paper—Fangmatan paper—appeared in the early Western Han (206 BCE–24 CE).
Inksticks are one of the “four treasures of the scholar’s studio,” and the ones crafted in Huizhou are considered unique treasures among traditional Chinese inksticks. The invention of the inkstick is a great contribution to the Chinese culture or even the world civilization.
The writing brush has a long history—traces of its use have found on painted pottery from as long ago as the Neolithic. Before the Qin dynasty (221–206 BCE), the writing brush (bi) went by various names.
The Xuan paper is just one member of the large family of Chinese handmade papers. It was named after Xuanzhou, in modern Anhui province, where it was first produced. As early as the Tang dynasty (618–907) the paper of Xuanzhou was sent as tribute to the imperial court.