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Hong Kong - From its Establishment as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century (1841-1920)
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Hong Kong - From its Establishment as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century: an Overview
During its early free port years, Hong Kong was under the administration of governors appointed by the British Crown. The Hong Kong government, the Executive Council, and the Legislative Council were thus established, forming a governance system in which power was centralised to the Hong Kong Governor. Meanwhile, Hong Kong developed in different aspects including economy and education. The social status of the upper-class Chinese, mainly consisted of Chinese merchants, gradually rose.
Hong Kong - From its Establishment as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century: an Overview
During its early free port years, Hong Kong was under the administration of governors appointed by the British Crown. The Hong Kong government, the Executive Council, and the Legislative Council were thus established, forming a governance system in which power was centralised to the Hong Kong Governor. Meanwhile, Hong Kong developed in different aspects including economy and education. The social status of the upper-class Chinese, mainly consisted of Chinese merchants, gradually rose.
(1) From its Establishment as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century: Hong Kong under the British Rule
The British rule in Hong Kong began following the outbreak of the First Opium War, the British forces’ landing on Hong Kong Island, and the conclusion of the Treaty of Nanking. Some British administrative and management approaches has been shaping Hong Kong to these days.
(2) From its Establishment as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century: The Hong Kong Economy
After Hong Kong was established as a free port, its favourable conditions gradually turned it into an important entrepot of the Far East.
(3) From the Establishment of Hong Kong as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century: The Changes in the Social Status of the Hong Kong Chinese
During the early years of British Hong Kong, the social status of the Chinese was much lower than that of the British. The social status of the upper-class Chinese gradually improved after Chinese merchants rose to power.
(4) From its Establishment as a Free Port to the Early 20th Century: The Hong Kong Education
After Hong Kong was established as a free port, Christian schools and government schools were set up subsequently. In 1887, the College of Medicine was founded. In 1912, the University of Hong Kong was officially opened. The introduction of Western-style education greatly contributed to the future development of Hong Kong.
(5) Villagers in the New Territories Resisted the British Takeover
After signing the Convention Between Great Britain and China Respecting an Extension of Hong Kong Territory with the Qing government, Britain took over the New Territories in 1899. However, they were face with strong resistance from the local villagers.