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Opium War
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林則徐嚴厲禁煙,鴉片商伺機反撲
鴉片戰爭爆發,香港也佔一角色
Opium War
鴉片如何禍延中國?
鴉片戰爭後,中國有何改變?
鴉片戰爭中的不平等條約如何喪權辱國?
鴉片戰爭前,中國有多落後?
鴉片戰爭因何在中國爆發?
林則徐嚴厲禁煙,鴉片商伺機反撲
Opium War
林則徐禁煙
Humen Destruction of Opium
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1838年底,一直被鴉片問題困擾的道光皇帝痛感煙患氾濫,政府財源枯竭,軍紀廢弛,於是決定嚴禁。
1839年1月,道光帝命欽差大臣林則徐南下廣東禁煙。
1839年3月,林則徐抵達廣州,立即開展禁煙運動,會同兩廣總督鄧廷楨、廣東水師提督關天培整頓水師,加強海防,嚴緝煙販,還一再曉諭吸食者限期戒煙。同時,他一改清政府只強調查拿國人販售的老方法,將矛頭對準外商。
1839年3月18日林則徐要求外國商人交出鴉片,外商早習慣了廣東當局雷聲大、雨點小的恫嚇,並未當作一回事。
1839年3月24日,林則徐下令斷絕貿易,包圍商館,斷絕供應,迫使以英國為首外商繳出鴉片二萬二百八十三箱(合二百餘萬斤)。
1839年6月3日至25日,下令將繳獲的鴉片在
虎門
全部銷毀。林則徐會同兩廣總督鄧廷楨、廣東水師提督關天培等來到虎門,督令將收繳的鴉片二百三十七萬斤全部銷毀,這就是著名的「虎門銷煙」。銷煙時,先由溝道引水入池,撒鹽成鹵,然後拋入切開的煙土泡浸,再拋下石灰,鴉片立成渣沫。等到海水退潮時,啟放涵洞,鴉片隨浪入海。廣州群眾湧向虎門海灘,觀看銷煙壯舉。外商也多到現場參觀,他們有的還向林則徐「摘帽斂手」,以示敬意。林的行動終於使外商知道,他們的對手是林則徐,而不是以往「只打雷、不下雨」的一般官員。虎門銷煙以實際行動向全世界表明中國人禁煙的決心。
虎門
位於廣東省東莞市內,虎門的人口聚居早在新石器時代,古先民以漁獵為生。
虎門銷煙浮雕
這是銷煙池遺址
林則徐為禁煙寫給英國國王的公文
林則徐畫像
Author:
Professor Mao Haijian (茅海建)
Last updated:
2018-08-27
Extended Reading
Opium War