元初蒙古大汗如何接觸漢文化?
人是文化接觸最主要的媒介,透過各種人等帶來思想觀念、宗教信仰、生活習俗、知識技能等等文化的各層面。在北方草原山林的世界裏,因地理與氣候關係,南北本不易流通,加上自古以來長城的阻隔,形成內、外兩個天下,文化上大不相同,而各自又有其發展及演變。
The Diverse Culture of Yuan
The Yuan dynasty refers to the period when China was ruled by the Mongol Empire. As nomadic tribes, the Mongol rulers were free-spirited and embracing, contributing to the free development of diverse cultures. During its expansion, the empire embraced cultures of various ethnic groups, making the Yuan dynasty a state with splendid culture.
The Development of Confucianism in the Yuan Dynasty
The Yuan dynasty was founded by the nomadic Mongols who adopted many Han (漢) customs after taking the Central Plains. Chinese culture was long dominated by Confucianism. Many Khans, from Genghis Khan to Emperor Renzong (仁宗) of Yuan, learned about Han culture through translation.
元代人愛吃些甚麼?
中國現今有幾大菜系的說法,而在元代有漢兒茶飯、女真食品、西天茶飯、回回食品、畏吾兒(現今稱維吾爾族)茶飯,這些屬於漢族、女真、印度、阿拉伯、畏吾兒各族群的大菜系,那可是琳瑯滿目的飲食樣式了。
元代有何生活風俗?
習俗與節慶都是生活文化的表現,一般各族群祭天地、祖先雖然是禮儀,其實也是生活文化的風俗。蒙古族的舊俗注重脫災祈福,如「燒飯」由薩滿主持,以肉、酒在地坑中火燒,祭祖祈福,在北方民族中頗為盛行。
元代的書畫藝術有多璀璨?
元文宗(圖帖睦爾)在位近五年,設立奎章閣成為藝文盛事。他喜好漢學,有詩、書、畫才藝,畫作雪景山水(失傳),書法涵晉人風度,今僅見「妙品」、「神品上」數字;詩作細緻清爽,今可見二首留存。



